- 六即
- The six stages of Bodhisattva developments as defined in the Tiant 'ai [lang id =1028]圓教, i. e. Perfect, or Final Teaching, in contrast with the previous, or ordinary six developments of [lang id =1028]十信, [lang id =1028]十住, [lang id =1028]十行, etc., as found in the [lang id =1028]別教 Differentiated or Separate school. The Tiantai six are:(1) [lang id =1028]理卽 realization that all beings are of Buddha-nature;(2) [lang id =1028]名字卽 the apprehension of terms, that those who only hear and believe are in the Buddha. law and potentially Buddha;(3) [lang id =1028]觀行卽 advance beyond terminology to meditation, or study and accordant action; it is known as [lang id =1028]五品觀行 or [lang id =1028]五品弟子位;(4) [lang id =1028]相似卽 semblance stage, or approximation to perfection in purity, the [lang id =1028]六根清淨位, i. e. the [lang id =1028]十信位;(5) [lang id =1028]分證卽 discrimination of truth and its progressive experiential proof, i. e. the [lang id =1028]十住, [lang id =1028]十行, [lang id =1028]十廻向, [lang id =1028]十地, and [lang id =1028]等覺位 of the [lang id =1028]別教 known also as the [lang id =1028]聖因 cause or root of holiness.(6) [lang id =1028]究竟卽 perfect enlightenment, i. e. the [lang id =1028]妙覺位 or [lang id =1028]聖果 fruition of holiness.(1) and(2) are known as [lang id =1028]外凡 external for, or common to, all.(1) is theoretical;(2) is the first step in practical advance, followed by(3) and(4) styled [lang id =1028]內凡 internal for all, and(3),(4),(5), and(6) are known as the [lang id =1028]八位 the eight grades.* * *又名六即佛, 天台智者大師, 立六即佛義, 以示由凡夫修行, 乃至佛果的位次, 即一、 理即佛, 一切眾生, 雖輪迴六道, 日處塵勞煩惱中, 與覺體相背, 然而佛性功德, 仍然具足, 故名理即佛。 二、 名字即佛, 或從知識處, 或由經典中, 得聞即心本具不生不滅的佛性, 於名字中, 通達了解, 知一切法, 皆為佛法, 一切眾生, 皆可成佛, 點頭會意, 豁爾有悟, 故名名字即佛。 三、 觀行即佛, 這是圓教五品外凡位, 不但解知名字, 更進一步依教修觀, 知一切法皆是佛法, 心觀明了, 理慧相應, 故名觀行即佛。 四、 相似即佛, 這是圓教十信內凡位, 初信斷見惑, 七信斷思惑, 八九十信斷塵沙惑, 在此位上的行者, 於觀行即中, 愈觀愈明, 愈止愈寂, 雖未真悟實證, 而於理彷彿, 有如真證, 故名相似即佛。 五、 分證即佛, 這是於十信後心, 破一分無明, 證一分三德, 即入初住, 而證法身, 從此成法身大士, 其間從初住起, 各各破無明, 證三德, 至等覺共歷四十一位, 破四十一分, 故名分證即佛。 六、 究竟即佛, 這是從等覺, 再破最後一分無明, 則惑盡真純, 徹證即身本具的真如佛性, 入妙覺位而成佛, 故名究竟即佛。 茲將十種位階, 及六種即佛, 列表說明如下: ==== (十種位階) (六種即佛) 1 凡夫位(對於佛法, 聞信全無)────理 即 2 凡夫位(對於佛法, 有聞有信)────名字即 3 五品弟子位───(外凡位)─────觀行即 4 十信位─────(內凡位)─────相似即 5 十住位────┐ 6 十行位 │ 7 十迴向位 ├(菩薩位)─────分證即 8 十地位 │ 9 等覺位────┘ 10 妙覺位─────(佛 位)─────究竟即
Dictionary of Buddhist terms. 2013.